Excerpt from
"The Sunday Times" - 12 October 1997 (U.K.)
By Cherry Norton ( Originally In English)
 |
Key
Qualities: Vitie Graham practises the piano daily.
Her mother believes the playing has improved her self-confidance
and concentration.
|
 |
Tuned
in: music lifts exam results at Wells Cathedral school
|
Teaching
the music of Mozart or Beethoven to children as young as
three can improve their academic performance, new research
has revealed. Scientists have proved that children who practice
for as little as 10 minutes a day on the piano score dramatically
higher results in intelligence tests.
The
researchers have shown that playing music at this age, when
brain connections are formed more easily, produces a long-term
improvement in how a child reasons and thinks. They believe
that regular practice modifies the "hard wiring" in parts
of the upper brain, thought to be responsible for creative
and intellectual ability.
Gordon
Shaw, professor of physics at the University of California
Irvine, who carried out the study, said the implications
of this work were important both to parents and teachers.
"We
have shown that in some way training them in music at three
or four is improving the way in which their brains recognized
patterns in space and time," he said.
|
"We believe there is a common
neural language that comes from some underlying structure in our brains.
It is not only seeing patterns but sequences of patterns.
"Little children are exposed
to stimuli and they respond to them, but the idea of being able to think
ahead and form mental images and process that in their heads is something
they do not do. Certain types of music seem to promote their ability
to do this."
The children who took part
in the study learnt simple melodies by Beethoven and Mozart, who started
composing at the age of five. "We taught them Mozart because somehow
we feel the magical genius of Mozart taps into this inherent structure
in the brain," Shaw said, "The music flowed from him; he was a natural
composer who did not have to struggle over each note."
Shaw first tested the abilities
of 78 children aged three and four by recording the speed and accuracy
with which they put together a four-part jigsaw of a camel. The children
were then divided into three groups. One group was given piano lessons,
the second had computer lessons and the third group received no training
at all.
After nine months, the children's
abilities were tested again. The children who had taken piano lessons
showed a dramatic improvement; their scores leapt 35% compared to little
or no improvement in the other two groups.
Although the benefits of
teaching children music have long been suggested, this is the first
evidence that music training actually improves intellectual ability.